Viruses: the obligate intracellular parasites. Skip to main content

Highlights

Science: one of the army of our country

⚔️🔬 Science 🔬⚔️         The importance of science is well known today. Science is not just limited branch, it is very wide branch and extend study of the basics of science makes a new branch of science. For example, Biology is branch in which the study of living being occurred,  Chemistry the study of chemical, Microbiology the study of microorganisms, cell biology the study of all types of cell....etc....etc. But science does not seem to be as important as it should be. Now people understand that there is no alternative without science. Every one know that the science is a great career field, this is also a good education field, that's all there is to it. Still, we can say that ' Science is the one of the army of our country '. What is this nonsense....... How is that........ So let to prove this sentence, with evidence.... At first I would like to say that, we can't imagine the world without Science, because Science has given us so much
Post a Comment

Viruses: the obligate intracellular parasites.

⚕️ Virus ⚕️

   Every one know about 'Corona virus'. 
Corona virus, Covid19, hunta virus, Zika virus........etc...etc....
 some people are first time familiar with the term 'virus'.
Today we listened virus effect, protection tips agents virus, hand washing, mask, hand gloves, sanitizer, and other equipment which protect us from virus. but what is virus....? , Virus means what and how it produced? Where they live ? What is the size and size of virus......? etc and all questions and misunderstanding arise in our mind. Doctors, scientists and other Science related branches, studies proper knowledge related to the virus due to which they contribute and fight against the Corona virus.

Virusese: the obligate intracellular parasites

     Virus is not just study term for science students, today's everyone must know  about the virus. 
 mostly peoples don't know about virus and it's effects on human, animal and plants. Viruses are not cell but they are organisms because they are living beings. virus consists Genetic Material.
Viruses, they contain Genetic Material but without any host like plants, animals and human body they do not complete their life cycle. Mostly people know that the viruses attacks only on human and animals but it's wrong, viruses are specific in their actions or activity. Viruses attacks on every living beings and infect all living organisms, they also infect the bacterial cell. Viruses are infectious, they produce infection and disease.
 Let's start to introduce of Viruses.

What are viruses?

Viruses are a-cellular, highly infectious microscopic organisms. Viruses are very very smaller than bacteria. The virus body covered with slimy liquid and only consists of DNA or RNA as genetic material. Virus are living beings but they do not replicate without any host body. Virus can infects ever living organisms and produce infections. Therefore we can considered viruses are connecting link between live and non-living. Viruses are not fit any criteria of living organisms because they do not grow, they do not eat food, they do not respite.....etc . But only one behavior of Viruses due to which we can consider as live is they can replicate but it's possible only inside of the host body. Due to this viruses are also consider as 'Obligate intra-cellular parasites'.

What is the structure of viruses? 

Viruses are ultra-microscopic therefore the details structure of viruses was possible only after the invention of electron microscope.
Virus body is made up of protein coat called capsid and genetic material called viruses genome.
The body structure of viruses are very simple.

Types of viruses:

Viruses are specific in their actions because specific viruses need specific host body, depends upon the host body,
Viruses are classified into three groups



  • Plant viruses :- the viruses viruses which attack only on planet body and product infection are called as plant viruses.
due to which they can complete their life cycle.
The plant viruses show helical symmetry. These are mostly rod in shaped.
Example; tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is the first plant virus was demonstrated by Adolfo Mayer. 

  • Animal viruses - the viruses which attack only on animals body and product infection are called as animal viruses.
The genetic material of most animal viruses is RNA or DNA. The animal viruses show radial symmetry. these are mostly polyhedral in shape.
Example; Yellow Fever Virus (YFV), is the first human virus, discovered by Friedrich Loeffler and Paul frosch.

  • Bacterial viruses:- the viruses which attack only on bacterial body and product infection are called as bacterial viruses or 'Bacteriophages'. The genetic material of bacteriophages is DNA. They are mostly tadpole in shape. They where discovered by Twort. Felix d'Herelle named them as bacteriophages.


Due the specific host nature of viruses, plant viruses do not affect on animals or bacteria similarly animal viruses do not affect on plant body.

The Viruses are of economic importance as they cause various disease in plant and animals.

What are viroids ?

These are very small in size, circular in shape and consist of single stranded RNAs which are not complexes with any protein.
These are mainly plant pathogens. the viroids do not show dormant phase. Viroids  were discovered and named by Theodor Diener.
Example; the first viroid was discovered was Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid ( PSTV ) which causes a disease in potato.

This all about the general information related to the Viruses.
The branch of Science that deals with the study of viruses is known as Virology.
The virology in which the details scientific studies and research of viruses are carried out.






Science world
Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Concepts of atom

In Last article We Define  Atom ,  Molecules  & Nuclei.  And the molecule    Atom and atomic concept is the very interesting part and it's not just interesting but important part for chemistry, physics.    Atom is considered as the basic and fundamental unit of the molecule or elements.    Atom is the important back bone of the chemistry, because no one any chemical compound is made up of without atom. Atom is the basic , fundamental and functional unit of the elements is not wrong.     Atomic model and atomic concept of the atom, Scientists gives verious information and the reality of the atom. For the extra and proper information, some scientists like J.J. thomason, John Dalton, and Rutherford gives the atomic theory, due to which the concept of atom for understanding is very easy. Before the atomic theory, we start the concept related to atom.                *  The Concept Related to Atom * In 1808 , John Dalton performed an his experiment and prove that
1 comment
Read more

Units, fundamental quantities and derived quantities.

What mean by Units......? Unit is the basic part of the measurement, because without unit we don not measured anything. Unit:- The reference standard used for the measurement of a physical quantity is called a Unit. System of units:- C.G.S. M.K.S. F.P.S. S.I. units :-            Use of different system of units became very inconvenient for exchanging scientist information between different parts of the world.     Hence, in October 1960 at the Eleventh International General Conference of weights and measures, in Paris, a common system of units called  "System International d' Units"  was accepted.         This system of units called S.I. units consistent of seven fundamental units, two supplementary units and large number of derived units.      Units are classified into two  groups    F undamental units  and  Derived units . The seven basic physical quantities: Length, mass, time, temperature, electric current, lumino
Post a Comment
Read more

Atomic theories

                    * The   Atomic   theories *    The atomic theories are the best successful contribution of the scientists, because it's gives most important information, some properties and the concept of atom.    Before the atomic theory some misunderstanding related to the atoms are created. Scientists find this misunderstanding and solve the all problems related to the atoms by giving the atomic theory to the world. All the concept of the atom are clear with the atomic theory. Dalton atomic theory :-   John Dalton proposed that all matter is                 composed Of small ,Hard,Indivisible particles called "Atom" . Atom of given element are identical and have characteristic mass. Atom combine to form a molecule.                     Thomson atomic theory :-        J.J. Thomson discovered Electron .        According to Thomson, atom consist of                 positively charged sphere with negatively                 char
Post a Comment
Read more